BMFE RICE CULTIVATION AND DEVELOPMENT PROCESS\_PART 2

BMFE RICE CULTIVATION AND DEVELOPMENT PROCESS_PART 2
PEST AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT_CARE AND FERTILIZATION DURING THE GRAIN-FILLING STAGE

IV. COMMON PESTS AND DISEASES

• Bacterial Leaf Blight (7–15 days): Leaves turn white along the blades near the collar and gradually spread to the tip, reducing photosynthesis.

  • Cause: Continuous triple-cropping, no soil resting period, lowland fields, and cold weather leading to physiological disorders.

  • Solution: Drain fields, apply lime powder or Haifa Cal Agri (Calcium Nitrate), or foliar spray Rice holder 0.0075SL (15ml/1000m²) in a 25L sprayer to stabilize plant growth.

• Thrips and Gall Midges: Adults and nymphs suck sap from leaves and growing points, causing stunting, leaf curling, and yellowing.

  • Cause: Dry fields, typically in Summer-Autumn and Autumn-Winter crops under dry weather.

  • Gall Midges: Attack 7–12 day-old rice, damaging the growing point, causing “onion shoot” symptoms, and reducing yield.

  • Control: Insecticides 3 PHÚT and SÓI CA. Combine with BM Root Stimulator 50g/25L/1000m² to stimulate root growth and prevent stunting.

• Rice Blast (leaf, neck, panicle, and peduncle blast):

  • Control product: ĐẠO ÔN

  • Ingredient: Tricyclazole 880g/kg + Additive 120g/kg

  • Dosage: 20g/25L/1000m².

• Leaf Folder: Larvae roll leaves and feed on mesophyll, reducing photosynthesis. Often occurs in fields with excessive nitrogen.

  • Control product: BM PLUS

  • Ingredient: Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki 18,000 iu/mg

  • Dosage: 20g/25L/1000m².

• Rice Mites: Initially attack leaf sheaths during tillering, causing brown-gray streaks. At high densities during heading, they attack panicles causing empty or shriveled grains.

  • Control products: SIÊU NHỆN and HERBAL PESTICIDE

  • Ingredients: Sulfur 80% + Additive 20% (Siêu Nhện); Matrine 10g/l + Additive 990g/l (Herbal Pesticide)

  • Dosage: 120g Siêu Nhện + 25ml Herbal Pesticide/25L/1000m².

• Stem Borers: At tillering, larvae cut stems causing dead hearts. At heading, they damage the growing point, breaking nutrient flow and causing white heads.

  • Control product: SÓI CA

  • Ingredients: Thiosultap-sodium 450g/kg + Buprofezin 50g/kg

  • Dosage: 50g/25L/1000m².

• Grain Discoloration (Fungal): Causes purple to dark-brown spots, with white powder on grains under humid conditions, leading to poor grain filling.

  • Control product: BM SUPER FUNGICIDE

  • Ingredients: Azoxystrobin 200g/L + Difenoconazole 125g/L + Additive 675g/L

  • Dosage: 25ml/25L/1000m².

• Grain Discoloration (Bacterial): Husk remains unchanged in mild cases. Severe cases show dark-brown husk tips, grains shriveled and black inside. Infected panicles stand erect instead of bending, referred to as “airplane panicles.”

  • Control product: DIỆT KHUẨN

  • Ingredient: Ningnamycin 3% + Additive 97%

  • Dosage: 25ml/25L/1000m².

• Bacterial Leaf Streak/Blight (Sheath rot): Symptoms include burned margins on both leaf sides, mid-leaf necrosis, or reddish lesions.

  • Control product: 3-IN-1 (ANTIMER-SO 800WP)

  • Ingredients: Bismerthiazol 200g/kg + Tricyclazole 400g/L + Sulfur 200g/L

  • Dosage: 29g/25L/1000m².

• Sheath Blight: Oval to elliptical lesions expand, irregular, gray-white centers with dark-brown margins. Early morning inspection shows mycelium growth.

  • Control product: HEXA-VANI

  • Ingredients: Hexaconazole 50g/L + Additives 950g/L

  • Dosage: 40–50ml/25L, 2 tanks/1000m².

• Brown Planthoppers: Both nymphs and adults suck sap during seedling and heading, causing plants to turn brown, wither, and stunt. They also transmit ragged stunt and grassy stunt viruses.

  • Control product: BM40 PLUS

  • Ingredients: Dinotefuran 250g/kg + Buprofezin 150g/kg.

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V. CARE AND FOURTH FERTILIZATION (GRAIN-FILLING STAGE)

• Apply at 70–75 days after sowing (timing depends on rice variety).

• Fertilization: 3kg Urea + 4kg KCL per 1000m² (when top 3 leaves turn pale yellow).

Foliar nutrition:

• K-plus 50g or BM Super K 50ml + Magnisal 50g + HEXA-VANI 50ml → mix in 25L water/1000m², spray evenly over foliage.

• Combined with HEXA-VANI to prevent sheath blight at grain-ripening stage, maintain green flag leaves, supply essential potassium, promote grain filling, and improve grain brightness.

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